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Advanced smart HVAC system utilizing borehole thermal energy storage: Detailed analysis of a Uppsala case study focused on the deep green cooling innovation
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering, Future Energy Center. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9361-1796
2024 (English)In: Journal of Energy Storage, ISSN 2352-152X, E-ISSN 2352-1538, Vol. 99, article id 113470Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article presents and thoroughly examines an innovative, practical, cost-effective, and energy-efficient smart heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The fundamental component of this concept is a state-of-the-art method called Deep Green Cooling technology, which uses deep drilling to utilize the ground's heating and cooling potential directly without the need for machinery or heat pumps. This method satisfies demands with the least energy use, environmental impact, and operational costs. In order to effectively oversee and regulate energy production, storage, and utilization, the system consists of an intelligent control unit with many smart controllers and valves. Renewable energy deployment is made easier, and the intelligent automation unit is more compatible with the help of a high-temperature cooling resource with a high supply temperature of 16 °C. The technical, environmental, and financial aspects of the suggested smart office building system in the southern region of Uppsala, Sweden, are evaluated using TRNSYS software. According to the results, boreholes provide more than 28.5 % of the building's energy requirements by utilizing the ground's ability to generate affordable, dependable seasonal thermal energy. The district heating network satisfies the remaining demand, amounting to 787.2 MWh, highlighting the benefits of combining conventional and renewable energy sources for increased supply security and dependability. The borehole thermal energy storage system meets the building's entire cooling need, underscoring the importance of high-temperature cooling systems. The most expensive part of the system is the borehole thermal energy storage, which accounts for over half of the total investment. The system has an appropriate payback period of ten years, proving its long-term profitability and cost-effectiveness, thanks to removing the machinery and heat pump. With 3138 MWh of ground-source heating and cooling, the system saves 17,962 USD by reducing CO2 emissions by about 143.7 t, sufficient to grow 16.3 ha of trees throughout the payback period.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier Ltd , 2024. Vol. 99, article id 113470
Keywords [en]
Advanced HVAC, Borehole TES, Free heating and cooling, Geothermal, High-temperature cooling, Smart controllers, District heating, Geothermal fields, Geothermal heat pumps, HVAC, Windows, Advanced heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, Borehole thermal energy storage, Conditioning systems, Heating and cooling, Heating ventilation and air conditioning, High temperature cooling, Smart controller, Cost effectiveness
National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-68337DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.113470Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85201767171OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-68337DiVA, id: diva2:1895492
Available from: 2024-09-05 Created: 2024-09-05 Last updated: 2025-10-10Bibliographically approved

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Sadrizadeh, Sasan

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