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Business Model Archetypes and Deployment Strategies for EV Battery Swapping – Preliminary Insights
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation. Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4521-4742
Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Innovation and Product Realisation.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7512-4425
2026 (English)In: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, Springer Nature , 2026, p. 387-401Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Battery swapping has re-emerged as a complementary solution to plug-in charging in the global transition to electric mobility. While the technical feasibility of battery swapping is increasingly evident, its commercial success depends on the viability of underlying business models. This paper presents preliminary findings from an ongoing research project on business model design and strategic deployment of battery swapping services. Based on a focused literature review and case analysis, we identify four main business model archetypes: integrated provider, independent service provider, partnership-based, and Battery-as-a-Service. We examine real-world examples from Gogoro, SUN Mobility, and CATL to illustrate diverse approaches and contextual factors. The analysis highlights critical success factors such as pricing strategies, deployment planning, capital management, consumer adoption levers, and circular economy considerations. These initial results provide a foundation for further inquiry. Future phases of the project will involve workshops and interviews with industry stakeholders to validate and refine the proposed framework.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature , 2026. p. 387-401
Series
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, ISSN 1868-4238, E-ISSN 1868-422X
Keywords [en]
Battery Swapping, Battery-as-a-service, Business Model Innovation, Deployment Strategy, Electric Mobility, Circular Economy, Economics, Information Systems, Information Use, Strategic Planning, Business Model Designs, Business Models, Ev Battery, Global Transitions, Plug-ins, Charging (batteries)
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-73396DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-03546-2_26ISI: 001583184300026Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105015514887ISBN: 9783032035455 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-73396DiVA, id: diva2:2000635
Conference
44th IFIP WG 5.7 International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems, APMS 2025, Kamakura, Japan, 31 August - 4 September, 2025
Available from: 2025-09-24 Created: 2025-09-24 Last updated: 2026-02-25Bibliographically approved

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Kulkov, IgnatChirumalla, Koteshwar

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