Water is a vital part of the ecosystem and clean water and is a prerequisite for life on Earth. At the same time, freshwater is a finite resource that can be increased only slightly. Large amounts of freshwater are utilized each year to support energy production, agriculture, urbanization, industry, and mining. Hence, in order to support global development, existing water resources need to be managed in a sustainable manner and lately, much research has been focused on suggesting successful strategies for management of the world's water resources. Interesting findings deal with important aspects related to water resources, such as desalination methods, management of existing water reserves, and innovative water treatment methods. The rapidly increasing demand for water and sanitation is an obvious challenge and it is of great importance water strategies and policies take into account both ecological and socioeconomic aspects.